解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Leflunomide, used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, has been reported to cause severe liver problems and liver failure; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we used multiple approaches including genomic analysis to investigate and characterize the possible molecular mechanisms of t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.10.002
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury is an environmental pollutant that exhibits neurotoxicity when ingested, primarily in the form of neuropathological lesions that localize along deep sulci and fissures, in addition to edematous and inflammatory changes in patient cerebrums. These conditions been known to give rise to a variety of ailment...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.09.013
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction with exposure to anthropogenic contaminants is a critical concern in biomedical and ecological health. Importantly, understanding the role of mitotoxicants in modulating organismal fitness and survival, particularly in the context of species' resilience to shifts in abiotic factors with clima...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.015
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are cellular powerhouses as well as metabolic and signaling hubs regulating diverse cellular functions, from basic physiology to phenotypic fate determination. It is widely accepted that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in mitochondria participate in the regulation of cellular signaling, and that s...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.013
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dynamics are regulated by two sets of opposed processes: mitochondrial fusion and fission, and mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation (including mitophagy), as well as processes such as intracellular transport. These processes maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, regulate mitochondrial form, volume and ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.019
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several mechanisms are postulated to be responsible for nephrotoxic and nephrocarcinogenic activities of mycotoxin and food contaminant, ochratoxin A (OTA). Although Nrf2 transcription factor was suggested to be involved in OTA-mediated renal injury, comprehensive study evaluating the effect of OTA toxicity in Nrf2 kn...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.004
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::For half of the 30-odd years that diacetyl-exposed workers have developed disabling lung disease, obliterative bronchiolitis was unrecognized as an occupational risk. Delays in its recognition as an occupational lung disease are attributable to the absence of a work-related temporal pattern of symptoms; failure to rec...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.009
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial fission, fusion, and mitophagy are interlinked processes that regulate mitochondrial shape, number, and size, as well as metabolic activity and stress response. The fundamental importance of these processes is evident in the fact that mutations in fission (DRP1), fusion (MFN2, OPA1), and mitophagy (PINK1...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.018
更新日期:2017-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury is one of the major heavy metal pollutants occurring in elemental, inorganic and organic forms. Due to ban on most inorganic mercury containing products, human exposure to mercury generally occurs as methylmercury (MeHg) by consumption of contaminated fish and other sea food. Animal and epidemiological studies...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.006
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between the DNA sequences of two randomly-selected human genomes, which consist of over 3 billion base pairs and twenty five thousand genes, there exists only 0.1% variation and 99.9% sequence identity. During the last couple of decades, extensive genome-wide studies have investigated the association between single-nu...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.020
更新日期:2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Crosstalk between epithelial and stromal cells drives the morphogenesis of ectodermal organs during development and promotes normal mature adult epithelial tissue homeostasis. Epithelial-stromal interactions (ESIs) have historically been examined using mammalian models and ex vivo tissue recombination. Although these ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.03.007
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study is aimed to investigate the inflammation and neurological dysfunction induced by tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (TCBQ) through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. We also investigated the protective role of melatonin as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In vitro model was established by rat pheochr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.015
更新日期:2017-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported that excessive nitric oxide (NO), like other reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes a decrease in cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity and ATP levels (mitochondrial damage) resulting in lens opacity. In addition, previous reports have shown that oxidative stress caused by ROS enhances amyloid β (Aβ) pro...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.014
更新日期:2017-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is well known that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) may cause male reproductive toxicity, less is known on its potential impact on the development of prostate. In this study, from the 12th day in the embryonic period to the 21st day after birth, 4 randomly assigned groups of pregnant mice were exposed to 0, 1, 10, a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.004
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have implicated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and the influences of different components remain largely elusive. Here, we extended our previous work to investigate th...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.01.017
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with a long biological half-life in humans and is recognized as a toxic pollutant. Cd is also a potential neurotoxicant and its exposure is associated with olfactory impairment in humans. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Cd neurotoxicity are not well defined. Adult neurog...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.01.013
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some chemicals are harmful in to light-exposed tissues such as skin and eyes. The 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake Phototoxicity Test has been validated and adopted by the Organization of Economic and Community Development (OECD) as a method of evaluating chemical phototoxicity using mouse 3T3 fibroblasts. However, the high rat...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2017.01.003
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminium (Al) oxyhydroxide (Alhydrogel®), the main adjuvant licensed for human and animal vaccines, consists of primary nanoparticles that spontaneously agglomerate. Concerns about its safety emerged following recognition of its unexpectedly long-lasting biopersistence within immune cells in some individuals, and rep...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.11.018
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Disorders in the barrier function and secretory activity of the placenta can be caused by xenobiotics (XB) present in the environment and their accumulation in tissues of living organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,-bis-4-chlorophenyl-ethane (DDT) and its metaboli...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.11.016
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Gulf War Illness (GWI) affects 25% of veterans from the 1990-1991 Gulf War (GW) and is accompanied by damage to the brain regions involved in memory processing. After twenty-five years, the chronic pathobiology of GWI is still unexplained. To address this problem, we examined the long-term consequences of GW exposures...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.10.012
更新日期:2016-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum (Al) is recognized worldwide as serious inorganic contaminants. Exposure to Al is associated with low BMD and an increased risk of osteoporosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms remains unclear. Thus, in this study, rats were orally exposed to 0 (control group, CG) and 0.4g/L AlCl3 (AlCl3 treated gro...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.10.002
更新日期:2016-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoblasts dysfunction, induced by aluminum (Al), plays a critical role in the osteoporosis etiology. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has the therapeutic properties for osteoporosis. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of Rb1 in ameliorating Al-induced osteoblasts dysfunction. The osteoblasts were divided into four group...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.014
更新日期:2016-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Quartz is a well-known occupational fibrogenic agent able to cause fibrosis and other severe pulmonary diseases such as silicosis and lung cancer. The silicotic pathology owes its severity to the structural and chemo-physical properties of the particles such as shape, size and abundance of surface radicals. In earlier...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::NLRC5, a newly found member of the NLR family and the largest member of nucleotide-binding, has been reported to regulate immune responses and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in HCC progression. Increased expression of NLRC5, vascular en...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.012
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myopathy is among the well documented and the most disturbing adverse effects of statins. The underlying mechanism is still unknown. Mitochondrial dysfunction related to coenzyme Q10 decline is one of the proposed theories. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of atorvastatin-induced myopathy in rats. ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a matter of global concern. Arsenic intake impairs immune responses and leads to a variety of pathological conditions including cancer. In order to understand the intricate tuning of immune responses elicited by chronic exposure to arsenic, a mouse model was established by su...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.06.005
更新日期:2016-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies in humans and experimental work in rodents suggest that exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a persistent environmental toxicant, is associated with incidence of heart disease. Although TCDD toxicity depends by and large on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), the role of the...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.05.006
更新日期:2016-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA), is an artificial estrogen initially produced for medical purposes but is today widely used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Exposure-related reproductive disorders have been found, but recently it has also been suggested that BPA may be involved in obesity, diabetes, myocardial hypertroph...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.02.007
更新日期:2016-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used endocrine-disrupting chemical used as a component of polycarbonates plastics that has potential adverse effects on human health. Exposure to BPA during development has been implicated in memory deficits, but the mechanism of action underlying the effect is not fully understood. In ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.01.010
更新日期:2016-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Novel substituted phenoxyalkyl pyridinium oximes, previously shown to reactivate brain cholinesterase in rats treated with high sublethal dosages of surrogates of sarin and VX, were tested for their ability to prevent mortality from lethal doses of these two surrogates. Rats were treated subcutaneously with 0.6mg/kg n...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.12.001
更新日期:2016-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorpyrifos (CPF) has been widely used around the world as a pesticide for both agricultural and residential application. Although various studies have reported toxicity and health-related effects from CPF exposure, the molecular mechanism of CPF toxicity to skin has not been well-characterized. The present study det...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.09.006
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the maternal exposure effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its metabolite aflatoxin M1, which is transferred into milk, on postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were provided a diet containing AFB1 at 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 ppm from gestational day 6 to day 21 after delivery on weani...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.08.001
更新日期:2015-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the biological and toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), dioxin-like compounds (DLC) as well as some drugs and endogenous tryptophan metabolites. Short-term activation of AhR can lead to hepatocellular s...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.07.005
更新日期:2015-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin is used as a cytotoxic agent for the management of cervical cancer. However, the severity of the side-effects limits the use of this drug, particularly at high doses. Resistance to cisplatin is often attributed to a disruption in the normal apoptotic response via aberrant activation of pathways such as the m...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.07.010
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many models have been developed to predict the combined effect of drugs and chemicals. Most models are classified into two additive models: independent action (IA) and concentration addition (CA). It is generally considered if the modes of action of chemicals are similar then the combined effect obeys CA; however, man...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.008
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cruciferous vegetable consumption correlates with reduced risk of cancer. This chemopreventative activity may involve glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products. Glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates have been studied for their toxicity and chemopreventative properties, but other hydrolysis products (epithionitriles...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.002
更新日期:2015-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::High-throughput in vitro toxicity screening provides an efficient way to identify potential biological targets for environmental and industrial chemicals while conserving limited testing resources. However, reliance on the nominal chemical concentrations in these in vitro assays as an indicator of bioactivity may misr...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.05.012
更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::This paper introduces the special issue on quantitative in vitro-in vivo extrapolations (QIVIVE). It highlights important issues in the development of in vitro toxicology towards its implementation in toxicological risk assessment. ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.04.004
更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::For quantitative in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) of metabolism for the purposes of toxicokinetics prediction, a precise and robust analytical technique for identifying and measuring a chemical and its metabolites is an absolute prerequisite. Currently, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) is a tool of cho...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.010
更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Challenges to improve toxicological risk assessment to meet the demands of the EU chemical's legislation, REACH, and the EU 7th Amendment of the Cosmetics Directive have accelerated the development of non-animal based methods. Unfortunately, uncertainties remain surrounding the power of alternative methods such as in ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2013.08.012
更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00